Reducing seat dip attenuation

Studies on seat dip effect with 3D FDTD modeling

According to the literature, the seat dip effect creates a valley in the frequency responses of the direct sound and some early reflections in concert halls. The low frequencies are attenuated up to 20 dB between 100 and 500 Hz due to the sound passing over seating at near grazing incidence. The seat dip effect includes several phenomena due to the wave nature of sound, such as diffraction and ...

Effectiveness of Seat Belts in Reducing Injuries

This study estimated the effectiveness of seat belts in reducing injuries and estimated the associated economic benefits using state of Kansas data. The estimation process included three stages. In the first stage, seat belt effectiveness in reducing injuries to motor vehicle occupants was estimated. Crash data from Kansas Accident Reporting System (KARS) database was used to accomplish this es...

Energy-absorbing car seat designs for reducing whiplash.

OBJECTIVES This study presents an investigation of anti-whiplash features that can be implemented in a car seat to reduce whiplash injuries in the case of a rear impact. The main emphasis is on achieving a seat design with good energy absorption properties. METHODS A biofidelic 50th percentile male multi-body human model for rear impact is developed to evaluate the performance of car seat des...

Seismic Noise Attenuation Using Curvelet Transform and Dip Map Data Structure

From Concert Halls to Noise Barriers: Attenuation from Interference Gratings

The seat dip effect is a low-frequency attenuation affecting sound travelling at grazing incidence over seating in auditoria. It is caused by scattered sound from the seats interfering with sound travelling directly from the source on the stage. In outdoor noise control, the simple single noise barrier gives good attenuation at high frequencies, but is limited by diffraction at low frequencies....